Percentage is a way of expressing a number as a fraction of 100. It is commonly used in mathematics, finance, statistics, and daily life to compare values and analyze data. Learning how to calculate percentages correctly is essential for various practical applications.
Percentage Formula
The basic formula to calculate percentage is:
Where:
- Part = The portion of the total value.
- Total = The total value.
- 100 = Converts the fraction into a percentage.
How to Calculate Percentage – Step-by-Step Guide
Step 1: Identify the Values
Determine the part and total value for which you need to find the percentage.
Step 2: Apply the Percentage Formula
Use the formula:
Step 3: Solve the Calculation
Multiply the result by 100 to get the percentage.
Examples of Percentage Calculation
Example 1: Finding Percentage of Marks in Exams
A student scores 450 marks out of 500 in an exam. What is the percentage?
Thus, the student scored 90%.
Example 2: Percentage of Discount
A product costs ₹1,000, and it is available at a discount of ₹200. What is the discount percentage?
So, the discount is 20%.
Example 3: Percentage Increase in Salary
A person’s salary increases from ₹40,000 to ₹50,000. What is the percentage increase?
So, the salary increased by 25%.
How to Find Percentage of a Number
To find a percentage of a given number, use the formula:
Example: Find 30% of 500.
So, 30% of 500 is 150.
How to Convert Fractions and Decimals to Percentage
✔ Fraction to Percentage: Multiply by 100.
- Example: Convert 3/5 to percentage.
✔ Decimal to Percentage: Multiply by 100.
- Example: Convert 0.75 to percentage.
Percentage Application in Daily Life
✔ Exam results and marks calculation ✔ Discounts and sale prices ✔ Profit and loss calculation ✔ Tax and interest rates ✔ Growth analysis in business
Calculating percentage is easy when you follow the correct formula and method. Whether you are dealing with exams, finance, or daily transactions, understanding percentage calculations can help in making quick and accurate decisions.